COVID-19: कोरोना वायरस की दवा बनाने में एक कदम और आगे बढ़ा भारत, मिली बड़ी सफलता
विशेषज्ञों के अनुसार भारत सरकार गिलियड साइंसेज को रॉयल्टी के लिए भारतीय निजी कंपनियों को स्वैच्छिक लाइसेंस देने का अनुरोध कर सकती है।
नई दिल्ली। भारतीय दवा निर्माता इबोला को ठीक करने में नाकाम रहने वाली प्रायोगिक दवा रेमेडिसविर विकसित करने की तैयारी कर रहे हैं। लेकिन, अब इसे कोविड-19 के खिलाफ सबसे बेस्ट शॉट माना जा रहा है। इस दिशा में हैदराबाद स्थित इंडियन इंस्टीट्यूट ऑफ केमिकल टेक्नोलॉजी (आईआईसीटी) ने रेमेडिसविर के लिए प्रमुख प्रारंभिक सामग्री (केएसएम) को संश्लेषित किया है।
यह सक्रिय दवा घटक विकसित करने की दिशा में पहला कदम है। आईआईसीटी ने सिप्ला जैसी दवा निर्माताओं के लिए प्रौद्योगिकी प्रदर्शन भी शुरू किया है ताकि जरूरत पड़ने पर भारत में इसका विनिर्माण शुरू हो सके। गिलियड साइंसेज द्वारा निर्मित किया गया रीमेड्सविर (Remdesivir) क्लिनिकल डेटा के आधार पर अमेरिका में आपातकालीन उपयोग के लिए कोविड -19 का इलाज करने वाली पहली दवा है।
रेमेडिसविर का निर्माण गिलियड साइंसेज करती है। इसे नैदानिक डाटा के आधार पर अमेरिका में कोविड-19 के इलाज के लिए आपातकालीन अनुमति मिल चुकी है। गिलियड साइंसेज का दवा पर पेटेंट है, लेकिन पेटेंट कानून इस दवा को केवल अनुसंधान उद्देश्यों के लिए विकसित करने की अनुमति देता है न कि व्यावसायिक निर्माण के लिए।
अमेरिका के नैदानिक परीक्षण के परिणाम दिखाते हैं कि रेमेडिसविर को जब संक्रमित मरीजों को दिया गया तो इससे वह औसतन 11 दिन में ठीक हो गए जबकि अन्य दवा से ठीक होने में 15 दिन का समय लगता है। भारत कोविड-19 के इलाज के लिए विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन के सॉलिडैरिटी ट्रायल का हिस्सा है और परीक्षण के लिए दवा की 1000 खुराक प्राप्त हुई हैं।
एक और आशाजनक दवा Favipiravir पर चल रहा काम-
विज्ञान और प्रौद्योगिकी और स्वास्थ्य मंत्री हर्षवर्धन ने सोमवार को एक बयान में कहा कि ‘CSIR-IICT द्वारा की स्टार्टिंग मैटेरियल का सिन्थिसाइज़ेशन हासिल कर लिया गया है और भारतीय उद्योग के लिए टेक्नालजी डेमन्स्ट्रैशन हो रहे हैं। Covid19 के इलाज के लिए एक और संभावित दवा Favipiravir के लिए CSIR क्लिनिकल ट्रायल्स के लिए निजी क्षेत्र के साथ भारत में संभावित लॉन्च पर काम कर रहा है।’
हिन्दुस्तान टाइम्स की एक रिपोर्ट के अनुसार रेमेडिसविर में तीन केएसएम, पायरोल, फुरान और एक फॉस्फेट इंटरमीडिएट है। IICT के निदेशक डॉ. श्रीवारी चंद्रशेखर ने हैदराबाद से फोन पर कहा कि की स्टार्टिंग मैटेरियल को सिन्थिसाइज़ करना दवा बनाने में एक महत्वपूर्ण चरण है।
IICT निदेशक ने कहा “किसी भी दवा के लिए की स्टार्टिंग मैटेरियल को सिन्थिसाइज़ करना एक एक्टिव फार्मास्युटिकल इन्ग्रीडीअन्ट (एपीआई) विकसित करने के लिए पहला कदम है। रेमेडिसविर के लिए ये प्रमुख शुरुआती सामग्री भारत में उपलब्ध हैं और रासायनिक कंपनियां इनकी मैन्यूफैक्चरिंग कर सकती हैं। अन्य रीजन्ट्स को अन्य देशों से प्राप्त किया जा सकता है। हमने जनवरी के अंत में केएसडीएम पर रेमेडीसविर के लिए काम करना शुरू कर दिया था, जब चीन में परीक्षण शुरू हो गए थे।”
एक खुले पत्र में गिलियड साइंसेज के सीईओ, डैनियल ओ ‘डे ने 29 अप्रैल को कहा था- ‘सप्लाई को ध्यान में रखते हुए हम वैश्विक क्षमता और उत्पादन का विस्तार करने के लिए दवा और रासायनिक निर्माताओं का एक वैश्विक संघ बनाने के लिए काम कर रहे हैं। दुनिया भर के लोगों के लिए पर्याप्त आपूर्ति बनाने के लिए देशों के साथ मिलकर काम करना आवश्यक होगा और हम इन सहयोगी प्रयासों के लिए तत्पर हैं।’
विशेषज्ञों के अनुसार भारत सरकार गिलियड साइंसेज को रॉयल्टी के लिए भारतीय निजी कंपनियों को स्वैच्छिक लाइसेंस देने का अनुरोध कर सकती है। नहीं तो भारत अनिवार्य लाइसेंस विकल्प का उपयोग कर सकता है, जिसके तहत यह या एक जेनेरिक निर्माता पेटेंट दवाओं का निर्माण कर सकता है ताकि अपने नागरिकों के स्वास्थ्य की रक्षा कर सके।’
इंटेलेक्चुअल प्रॉपर्टी राइट्स एक्सपर्ट केएम गोपकुमार ने कहा ‘क्योंकि यह एक पेटेंट दवा है, दो विकल्प हैं। एक यह है कि निर्माता लाइसेंस धारक से निर्माण के लिए लाइसेंस प्राप्त करने की अनुमति प्राप्त करते हैं। दूसरा विकल्प यह है कि भारत सरकार दो से तीन निर्माताओं को अनिवार्य लाइसेंस या सरकारी उपयोग लाइसेंस पर दवा का निर्माण करने की अनुमति देती है। निर्माताओं को नियामक मंजूरी की आवश्यकता होगी जो केवल तब उपलब्ध होगी जब दवा के असर पर अधिक क्लिनिक डेटा उपलब्ध हो।’
प्लीज सब्सक्राइब यूट्यूब बटन
वहीं, अमेरिकन रिसर्च बॉडी नेशनल इंस्टीट्यूट ऑफ हेल्थ एंड गिलियड ने जानवरों पर आधारित रेमेडिसविर के पूर्व-नैदानिक परीक्षणों के परिणाम प्रकाशित किए हैं। 12 रीसस मैकाक्स बंदर की एक प्रजाति के परीक्षण में रेमेडिसविर के साथ कोविड-19 के शुरुआती उपचार ने रोग के लक्षणों और फेफड़ों को नुकसान को कम करके दिखाया है।
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